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5. The interactive role reflects: (1) the personally and background of a person who occupies a social position, such as oldest son or stepmother, (2) the relationships in which in which a person interacts, (3) the changes as each family member moves through his or her life cycle, (4) the effects of role performance upon the family system, and (5) the extent to which a person’s social/psychological identity is defined and enhanced by a particular role. For example, a woman’s behavior in the social position of wife may have been very different in her first marriage than in her second, due to her own personal growth and the actions of each husband.
6. The distinction between interactive and fixed roles has many implications for communication. In his classic work, British sociologist Bernstein (1970) identifies two primary forms of communication that contrast and typify families, the position-oriented type and the person- oriented type. Position-oriented families usually maintain strict
boundaries along the lines of age, sex, and family roles. Thus, the behaviors attached to the roles of grandparent, mother, and son become carefully defined and delineated. In a position-oriented family, an aunt does X, a mother does Y, and a husband does Z. Person- oriented families center more on the unique individuals occupying each label and have fewer limits or exacting rules for appropriate behavior.
7. Note the communication differences between position-oriented and person-oriented in this example: Dennis and his sister, Patty, grew up in a position-oriented family. They learned that either their mother or father was in charge of whatever activities went on within the family. Either parent had definite rules for the behavior expected. These remarks would be stated: “Dennis, mow the field and help your dad clean out the barn.” “Patty, clear the table and don’t forget to go get those clothes out of the dryer and fold them.” “You can’t go ride your bikes until your mother has time to check your homework.” “Write that ‘Thank you’ note to your grandmother right now.”
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