Краткий пересказ о Марии Кюри на английском

Maria Sklodowska was the youngest of five children of władysław and bronisława Sklodowska. Both her parents were teachers.
From an early age, the girl followed in the footsteps of his father, a lively interest in mathematics and physics. After receiving his primary education in the school of J. Sikorska, Maria enters the women’s gymnasium, which he graduated in 1883 with a gold medal. Admission to men’s University of Warsaw she was ordered, and therefore it can only agree on the position of teacher in the flying University. However, to give up the dream to get the coveted degree, Maria is in no hurry, and concludes with his older sister, Bronislava a deal that she will support his sister, but sister will help her.
Maria is taken for any work, becomes a private tutor and a governess to earn money for my sister’s education. And at the same time, she engaged in self-education, enthusiastically reading books and scientific papers. She also begins his own research practice in the chemical laboratory.
In 1891 she moves to France, where he entered the University of Paris in Sorbonne. There her name will be converted to a French name Marie. Due to the fact that financial support her wait was nowhere, a girl trying to earn a living, in the evenings gives private lessons.
In 1893 she receives a master’s degree in physics, and in the following year, and master’s degrees in mathematics. His scientific papers Maria begins with studies of different types of steel and their magnetic properties.

When her sister got married, she invited Manya to live with them and study at the Sorbonne. It was then that she changet her name to Marie. Marie studied Physics and Maths and got her Master’s degree in both subjects. When she graduated from university, she started research into magnetism. It was at that time she met Pierre Curie, a young scientist. They fell in love immediately and got married. Marie moved to his house and they both started examining uranium and other elements to decide whether they were radioactive. It took them four years to isolate the radioactive source which she named radium. For this, they won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903. In 1906, her husband died in an accident and Marie got the position they had offered him at the Sorbonne.

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The United States of America is the fourth largest country in the world (after Russia, Canada, and China). It occupies the southern part of North America and stretches from the Pacific to the Atlantic Ocean. It also includes Alaska in the north and Hawaii in the Pacific Ocean. The total area of the country is about nine and a half million square kilometres. The USA borders on Canada in the north and on Mexico in the south. It also has a seaboarder with Russia.
The USA is made up of 50 states and the District of Columbia where the capital of the country, Washington, is situated. The population of the country is about 250 million.
If we look at the map of the USA, we can see lowlands and mountains. The highest mountains are the Rocky Mountains, the Cordillera, and the Sierra Nevada. The highest peak is Mount McKinley, which is located in Alaska.
America’s largest rivers are the Mississippi, the Missouri, the Rio Grande, and the Columbia. The Great Lakes on the border with Canada are the largest and deepest in the USA.
The climate of the country varies greatly. The coldest regions are in the north. The climate of Alaska is arctic. The climate of the central part of the country is continental. The south has subtropical climate. Hot winds blowing from the Gulf of Mexico often bring typhoons. The climate along the Pacific coast is much warmer than that of the Atlantic coast.
The USA is a highly developed industrial country. It is the leading producer of copper and oil and the worlds second producer of iron ore and coal. On the industrial enterprises of the country they produce aircrafts, cars, textiles, radio and television sets, weapon, furniture, and paper.
Though mainly European and African in origin, the Americans are made up from nearly all races and nations, including the Chinese and the native Americans — Indians.
The largest cities are New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Philadelphia, Detroit, San Francisco, and others.
The United States is a federal republic consisting of 50 states, each of which has its own government. The seat of the central (federal) government is Washington, D. C. According to the Constitution of the USA, the powers of the government are divided into 3 branches: the executive, headed by the President, the legislative, exercised by the Congress, and the juridical. The Congress consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives. There are two main political parties in the USA: the Republican and the Democratic.

Соединенные Штаты Америки являются четвертой по величине страной в мире (после России, Канады и Китая). Она занимает южную часть Северной Америки и простирается от Тихого до Атлантического океана. Она также включает Аляску на севере и Гавайи в Тихом океане. Общая площадь страны составляет около девяти с половиной миллионов квадратных километров. Границы США на Канада на севере и Мексика на юге. Она также имеет seaboarder с Россией.
США состоит из 50 Штатов и округа Колумбия, где расположена столица страны, Вашингтон. Население страны составляет около 250 миллионов.
Если мы посмотрим на карту США, мы можем увидеть низменности и горы. Высочайшие горы-скалистые горы, Кордильеры и Сьерра-Невада. Самая высокая вершина-Гора Мак-Кинли, которая расположена на Аляске.
Крупнейшие реки Америки являются Миссисипи, Миссури, Рио-Гранде и Колумбия. Великие озера на границе с Канадой являются наибольшими и самое глубокое в США.
Климат в стране значительно варьируется. Самые холодные регионы находятся на севере. Климат на Аляске-арктический. Климат центральной части страны-континентальный. На юге субтропический климат. Горячие ветры, дующие из Мексиканского залива часто приносят тайфуны. Климат вдоль Тихоокеанского побережья намного теплее, чем у Атлантического побережья.
США является высокоразвитой индустриальной страной. Она является ведущим производителем меди и нефти и второй в мире производитель железной руды и угля. На промышленных предприятиях страны, которые они производят самолеты, автомобили, текстиль, радио-и телеаппаратурой, оружия, мебели и бумаги.
Хотя в основном европейского и Африканского происхождения, американцы состоят из почти всех рас и наций, включая китайцев и коренных американцев — индейцев.
Крупнейшими городами являются Нью-Йорк, Лос-Анджелес, Чикаго, Филадельфия, Детройт, Сан-Франциско, и другие.
США-Федеративная Республика

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2 ТЕКСТ - Friends are everything to me. Life isn’t worth living without friends. My family. they don’t care about me, and frankly speaking, i don’t care much about them either. The only things they care about are their jobs and making money. Even my grades at school don’t worry them much. Sometimes they ask me about my progress, but I’m never sure if they hear my answer. I would feel absolutely lonely if I did not have friends. We often gather at my place or somewhere else to speak about life, listen to music and have fun. Sometimes we quarrel, but I don’t believe that my friends mean to hurt me. Life is cool with them.

Друзья - это все для меня. Жизнь не стоит без друзей. Моя семья обо мне не заботятся, и, честно говоря, меня тоже не волнует. Единственное, о чем они заботятся, это их работа и зарабатывание денег. Даже мои оценки в школе их не волнуют. Иногда они спрашивают меня о моем прогрессе, но я не уверен, услышат ли они мой ответ. Я бы чувствовал себя абсолютно одиноким, если бы у меня не было друзей. Мы часто собираемся у меня или где-то еще, чтобы говорить о жизни, слушать музыку и веселиться. Иногда мы ссоримся, но я не верю, что мои друзья хотят причинить мне боль. Жизнь с ними крута.
Friends are everything to me. Life is without friends. My family is not taking care of me, and frankly, I don’t care. The only thing they care about is their jobs and making money. Even my grades at school they don’t care about. Sometimes they ask me about my progress, but I’m not sure whether they will hear my response. I would feel absolutely lonely if I had no friends. We often gather at my place or somewhere else to talk about life, listen to music and have fun. Sometimes we fight, but I don’t believe that my friends want to hurt me. Life with them is cool.

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FOUR GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERS
The first vacuum tubes computers are referred to as first generation computers, and the approximate period of their use was from 1950 to 1959. UNIVAC 1 (UNIVersal Automatic Computer) is an example of these computers which could perform thousands of calculations per second. Those devices were not only bulky, they were also unreliable. The thousands of vacuum tubes emitted large amounts of heat and burned out frequently.
The transistor, a smaller and more reliable successor to the vacuum tube, was invented in 1948. So-called second generation computers, which used large numbers of transistors were able to reduce computational time from milliseconds to microseconds, or millionths of seconds. Second-generation computers were smaller, faster and more reliable than first-generation computers.
Advances in electronics technology continued, and microelectronics made it possible to reduce the size of transistors and integrate large numbers of circuit elements into very small chips of silicon. The computers that were designed to use integrated circuit technology were called third generation computers, and the approximate time span of these machines was from 1960 to 1979. They could perform many data processing operations in nanoseconds, which are billionths of seconds.
Fourth generation computers have now arrived, and the inte grated circuits that are being developed have been greatly reduced in size. This is due to microminiaturization, which means that the circuits are much smaller than before; as many as 100 tiny circuits are placed now on a single chip. A chip is a square or rectangular piece of silicon, usually from 1/10 to 1/4 inch, upon which several layers of an integrated circuit are etched or imprinted, after which the circuit is encapsulated in plastic or metal.

FOUR GENERATIONS OF COMPUTERSThe first vacuum tubes computers are referred to as first generation, and the estimated period of their use was from 1950 to 1959. is an example of these computers which could perform thousands of calculations per second. Thousands of vacuum tubes emitted a large amount of heat and burnt out frequently.milliseconds to microseconds, or millionths of a second. Second generation computers were smaller, faster and more reliable than first generation computers.The computers that were designed for use of integrated technology were called third generation computers, and the approximate time of these machines was from 1960 to 1979. They can perform many data processing operations in nanoseconds, which are billionths of a second.Fourth generation computers have now arrived, as well as integrated circuits that are being developed have been greatly reduced in size. This is due to the miniaturization, which means that the circuit is much smaller than before; as many as 100 tiny circuits are placed now on a single chip.

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Environmental Protection
Ecological problems are becoming more and more important today. People all over the world discuss environmental protection, but we still go on polluting air, water and soil. Air pollution is the biggest problem of large cities and industrial areas. It is usually caused by different means of transport. Cars, buses and planes are among the worst air polluters. Factories and plants pollute our air too. As a result, acid rains appear and damage forests and soil. Trees and plants are very important for us. They give us oxygen to breath. In some parts of the world, such as Asia and South America, trees are cut down by people. The rainforests are destroyed for firewood and building materials. As we lose tropical forests, it will become more difficult to breath. The temperature on the planet will also rise and this will cause global warming. How can we solve the problems of air pollution? First of all, people should try to use alternative sources of energy, such as solar, water or wind energies. There are ways to reduce air pollution caused by road traffic. It is possible to build more railways and to support public transportation. Another way is to make logging companies plant new trees. If they did that, it could save the rainforests and give all of us cleaner air to breathe. Water pollution is as dangerous as air pollution. We all need water - not just for our homes or factories, but to survive. The sollution begins at home. We can save the water from our baths and use it for the gardens. Governments can help by passing laws to stop factories from wasting and polluting water. If factories recycled water and stopped pouring chemicals into our lakes and rivers, there would be more clean water around. Governments could also stop water companies from wasting millions of litres of water because of leaking pipes. Many cities have successfully saved water by reparing pipes. We must not ignore the problems of environmetal pollution and we have to try and make everything possible to stop or at least reduce it.

Ecological problems are played a very important role today.  Discussing environmental protection, we still go on polluting air, water and soil. Air pollution is the biggest problem. Cars, buses and planes, factories and plants are among the worst air polluters. Trees and plants give us oxygen to breath. But they are cut down by people. The temperature on the planet will also rise and this will cause global warming. How can we solve the problems of air pollution? First of all, people should try to use solar, water or wind energies. It is possible to build more railways and to support public transportation. Another way is to make logging companies plant new trees.  We all need water to survive. That’s why we can save the water from our baths and use it for the gardens. Governments can help by passing laws to stop factories from wasting and polluting water. Governments could also stop water companies from wasting millions of litres of water because of leaking pipes. We must not ignore the problems of environmetal pollution and we have to try and make everything possible to stop or at least reduce it.
В наши дни экологические проблемы играют очень важную роль. Обсуждая охрану окружающей среды, мы продолжаем загрязнять воздух, воду и почву. Загрязнение воздуха-это большая проблема. Автомобили, автобусы и самолеты, фабрики и заводы являются одними из наихудших загрязнителей воздуха. Деревья и растения дают нам кислород для дыхания. Но они вырубаются людьми. Температура на планете будет повышаться, и это приведет к глобальному потеплению. Как мы можем решить проблемы загрязнения воздуха? Во-первых, люди должны попытаться использовать солнечную энергию, энергию воды или энергию ветра. Можно построить больше железных дорог для увеличения общественного транспорта. Другой способ- заставить лесозаготовительных предприятия сажать новые деревья. Мы все нуждаемся в воде, чтобы выжить. Вот почему мы можем сохранить воду из наших ванн и использовать её для сада. Правительства могут помочь путем принятия законов, чтобы заводы прекратили загрязнение воды. Правительства могли бы также заставить компании водоканала тратить миллионы литров воды из-за прохудившихся труб. Мы не должны игнорировать проблемы, связанные с загрязнением окружающей среды, и мы должны попытаться сделать все возможное, чтобы остановить или хотя бы уменьшить его.

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If asked what Jonathan Swift, Oscar Wilde and Samuel Beckett have (0) in common, most people would correctly reply that they are famous writers. But did you know that they all graduated from the oldest and most prestigious university in Ireland?
Trinity College at the University of Dublin has an interesting history. The j
university was founded in 1592 in the heart of Dublin, the capital of Ireland. At first everything went well and the university grew slowly. Then, in the middle of the 17th century, life at the university became difficult because of two wars in the country. Fortunately, the university survived and from then on many wealthy families began to send their sons there for a good education.
Today, Trinity College is among the top 40 universities in the world for Arts and Humanities and it attracts students from all five continents. It is also one of Ireland’s leading historical sites. It has a uniquely beautiful library that contains 4 25 million books including the Book of Kells, one of the most precious medieval books in existence. Over half a million visitors come to see this book and the library every year. It is truly a great university.

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Ну вот тебе перевотчик Если спрашивает, что Джонатан Свифт, Оскар Уайльд и Сэмюэл Беккет (0) В общем, большинство людей правильно ответить, что они известные писатели. Но знаете ли вы, что все они закончили старейший и самый престижный университет в Ирландии? Тринити-колледжа в университете Дублина имеет интересную историю. В J университет был основан в 1592 году в самом сердце Дублина, столицы Ирландии. Сначала все шло хорошо и Университет рос медленно. Тогда, в середине 17-го века, жизнь в университете стало сложно из-за двух войн в стране. К счастью, университет выжил и с тех пор многие богатые семьи начали отправлять туда своих сыновей за хорошее образование.  Сегодня Тринити колледж входит в ТОП-40 университетов в мире для искусств и гуманитарных наук, и это привлекает студентов со всех пяти континентов. Он также является одним из ведущих исторических мест Ирландии. Он имеет уникально красивая библиотека, которая содержит 4 25 миллионов книг, в том числе Келлская книга, одна из самых ценных средневековых книг в наличии. Более полумиллиона посетителей приходят, чтобы увидеть этой книге и библиотеке каждый год. Это действительно хороший университет и можешь это некторое выучить и поставят тебе пять