Герундий или инфинитив и какая форма.
I saw him (put) the file into his briefcase band (leave) the office.
He prefers (be) on his own now.
You rely on your parents far too much. You’ll have.(start).(do) things for yourself – they can’t.(do) everything for you.
Hotel bills have.(pay) on the day of departure.
The costume officer made me (open) my suitcases.
We noticed him (enter) the building carrying a huge bag.
I suggest (buy) a secong-hand car for the time being.
Let’s try (mix) these ingredients and see what happens.
I once tried (bake) my own cake but it was a disaster.
Would you prefer (think) about our offer and phone us in a couple of days?
She heard the clock (strike) two before she went to bed.

1. I saw him putting the file into his briefcase and leaving the office.
2. He prefers to be on his own now.
3. You rely on your parents far too much. You’ll have to start doing things for yourself – they can’t do everything for you.
4. Hotel bills have to be paid on the day of departure.
5. The customs officer made me open my suitcases.
6. We noticed him entering the building carrying a huge bag.
7. I suggest buying a second-hand car for the time being.
8. Let’s try to mix these ingredients and see what happens.
9. I once tried to bake my own cake but it was a disaster.
10. Would you prefer to think about our offer and phone us in a couple of days?
11. She heard the clock striking two before she went to bed.

Arthur Becomes King
At the same time there was a great joust in London. All the great knights jousted in it. They began fighting on their horses with spears. Some knights fell off their horses, and then they fought on foot with swords.
Sir Ector went to the joust with Sir Kay and Arthur. The two young men wanted to joust, but Sir Kay had no sword Arthur said, "There is a sword in a stone near a church. I saw it on the way here. I’ll get it and fight with it, and you can have my sword, Sir Kay."
They went to the church. Arthur got off his horse; he took the sword in his hand – and it came out of the stone
They went back to the field. When Sir Ector saw the sword he said to Arthur, "You are my king."
They went to the archbishop. Then the archbishop called all the knights and said, "Put the sword back into the stone."
Arthur did so. All the knights tried again to take it out, but not one of them could do so. Arthur took it out again. So they shouted, "Arthur is king! Arthur is king!"
They all went into the church, and the archbishop made Arthur king of Britain.
So Arthur became king. He married the most beautiful lady in England, Princess Guinevere, and she became his queen.
Then Merlin made the Round Table. Each knight had his name written in his place.
3. Подчеркнуть предложения с Future Simple. Пояснить употребление предложений с Future Simple в данном отрывке.
4. Подчеркнуть герундий.
5. Подчеркнуть предложения с модальными глаголами.

3Future Simple
"I’LL Get it and FIGHT with it, and you can have my sword, Sir Kay." Текст в прошедшем времени, но здесь прямая речь, т. Е. Слова Артура приведены дословно, без изменения, так, как он произнёс их тогда. А он сказал о  своих будущих действиях:"Я возьму его и буду сражаться с ним. "
4Gerund
They began FIGHTING on their horses with spears.
5Modal verbs
"I’ll get it and fight with it, and you CAN have my sword, Sir Kay."
All the knights  tried again to take it out, but not one of them COULD do so.

7. What a surprise! I didn’t expect (see) him.
герундий или инфинитив и почему

What a surprise! I didn’t expect to see him. Употреблятется инфинитив, т. К. Выражается действие, и вообще глагол только с инфинитивом используется, этот список глагол, который употребляется с инфинивом можно найти в интернете, рекомендую его выучить. Перевод : какой сюрприз! Я не ожидал тебя увидеть.

Нужно определить функции Герундия! Из вариантов: подлежащее, именная часть сказуемого (переводится сущ. Или инфинитивом), часть глагольного сказуемого (переводится инфинитивом), дополнение, определение, обстоятельство.
1. A generator is a machine for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy by making use of the interaction between a conductor and a magnetic field. 2. It is possible to add a considerable amount of heat without producing any temperature change in the given substance. 3. In connecting the ends of the metals with a metal wire one causes the current to flow through that wire. 4. On connecting the ends of the metals with a metal wire we caused the current to flow through that wire. 5. The electric lamp widely used for the generation of light also depends upon the heating property of electricity. 6. Programming a computer involves analyzing the problem to be solved and the plan to solve it. 7. In stretching an elastic object the elastic limit should not be exceeded. 8. Superheating is a process of heating a liquid above its boiling point without converting it into vapor. 9. On studying the nature of that new phenomenon they were not satisfied with the results obtained. 10. In studying the theory of semiconductors Joffe had in mind the direct conversion of solar energy into electricity.

1. A generator is a machine for converting (attribute определение)* mechanical energy into electrical energy by making (an adverbial modifier of manner обстоятельство образа действия) use of the interaction between a conductor and a magnetic field. 2. It is possible to add a considerable amount of heat without producing (an adverbial modifier of manner  обстоятельство образа действия) any temperature change in the given substance. 3. In connecting (an adverbial modifier of time обстоятельство времени) the ends of the metals with a metal wire one causes the current to flow through that wire. 4. On connecting (an adverbial modifier of time обстоятельство времени) the ends of the metals with a metal wire we caused the current to flow through that wire. 5. The electric lamp widely used for the generation of light also depends upon the heating (attribute определение) property of electricity. 6. Programming (subject подлежащее) a computer involves analyzing (object дополнение) the problem to be solved and the plan to solve it. 7. In stretching (an adverbial modifier of time обстоятельство времени) an elastic object the elastic limit should not be exceeded. 8. Superheating (subject подлежащее) is a process of heating (attribute определение) a liquid above its boiling (attribute определение) point without converting (an adverbial modifier of manner) обстоятельство образа действия  it into vapor. 9. On studying (an adverbial modifier of time обстоятельство времени) the nature of that new phenomenon they were not satisfied with the results obtained. 10. In studying (an adverbial modifier of time обстоятельство времени) the theory of semiconductors Joffe had in mind the direct conversion of solar energy into electricity.

Определите синтаксическую функцию герундия и переведите предложения.
No one appreciates their singing so loudly.
12 Reading Agatha Christie is the nation’s favourite pastime.
13. Such people are not worth speaking about.
13 We gave up all hope of seeing him again.
14 I don’t like the idea of being treated by Dr. Howard.
15 The head of the delegation was against the agreement being signed.
16 The flowers want watering.
17 He returned without anybody having noticed his absence.
18 We won’t achieve anything by arguing.

11 No one appreciates their singing (object дополнение) so loudly.

12 Reading (subject подлежащее) Agatha Christie is the nation’s favourite pastime.

13. Such people are not worth speaking (object дополнение) about.

13 We gave up all hope of seeing (attribute определение) him again.

14 I don’t like the idea of being (attribute определение) treated by Dr. Howard.

15 The head of the delegation was against the agreement being (object дополнение) signed.

16 The flowers want watering (object дополнение)

17 He returned without anybody having noticed (an adverbial modifier of manner обстоятельство образа действия) his absence.

18 We won’t achieve anything by arguing (an adverbial modifier of manner  обстоятельство образа действия) 

Переведите на русский язык, учитывая функции герундия и причастий:
1. Having a sense of personal accomplishments and achievements, feeling in control of their own destiny, and realizing their dreams are also powerful motivators.
2. Being appointed head of the Department Dr. Green resumed his work on advertising.
3. They object to the data being published before all the experiments will be completed.
4. Marketing administration includes a variety of research activities necessary in the marketing program including investigation of price and discount offered.
5. Demographic data fed into a computer can reveal the buying habits of consumers.

1. Имея чувство личного достижения и успехи, ощущение контроля над собственной судьбой, и, реализуя свои мечты, также являются мощными мотиваторами.  
2. Будучи назначен заведующим отделом доктора Грин возобновил свою работу на рекламу.  
3. Они возражают, чтобы данные были опубликованы раньше все эксперименты будут завершены.  
4. Маркетингового управления включает в себя разнообразные научно-исследовательской деятельности, необходимых в маркетинговой программе, включая расследование цене и со скидкой.  
5. Демографических данных в компьютер может выявить покупательские привычки потребителей.