Проанализируйте употребление модальных глаголов в следующих контекстах: 1. Nick can run long distances. 2. He can speak many foreign languages. 3. You can join our group. 4. I must excuse myself. 5. You mustn’t park the car here. 6. The boy must see a doctor. 7. You may keep my book for a week. 8. Drivers may go at 60 kilometers an hour here. 9. You may stay at your friends’ over the weekend. 10. It may be cold. Take your coat. 11. Jack shouldn’t have laughed at John. 12. John ought to be more careful in the future. 13. You needn’t buy bread. We have some at home. 14. You needn’t have done this. It was useless. 15. I have to take a taxi in order not to be late. 16. We had to wait as the manager was out. 17. Robert is to take his exams next month. 18. We are to meet at 5 o’clock.

1. Физическая способность
2. Умственная способность
3. Возможность 
4. Должествование
5. Запрет
6. Совет
7. Разрешение
8.rules/разрешение согласно правилам, законам и т. Д.
9. Разрешение
10. Предположение
11. Обязанность (он не должен был смеяться = ему не стоило смеяться)
12. Обязанность (при ought чаще всего моральная)
13. Отсутствие необходимости
14. Отсутствие необходимости в действии, которое уже совершено
15.have to - должен в виду непредвиденных обстоятельств
16. То же, что и в 15
17. Здесь модальный глагол "is to"(be to) - запланированное действие в будущем 
18. То же, что и в 17, только модальный в данном случае - are to 

I. Перепишите следующие ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ, ПОДЧЕРКНИТЕ В каждом из них глагол-сказуемое и определите его видо-временную форму и залог. Переведите предложения на русский язык. В разделе 6) обратите внимание на перевод пассивных конструкций
a)
1. The region around the Great Lakes has changeable weather.
2. The congress consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives.
3. The country had developed this industry before the war began.
b)
1. The capital of the country, Washington, was named in honour of the first President,
George Washington.
2. The USA is washed by the Pacific Ocean.
3. He will be elected for four years.
II. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните Рarticiple 1 и Рarticiple II, и установите функции каждого из них, т. Е. Укажите является ли оно определением, обстоятельством или частью глагола-сказуемого. Переведите предложения на русский язык (см. Образец выполнения 2)
1. When travelling round the USA we can visit the largest and the most beautiful cities: New York, Los Angeles, Chicago and others.
2. The Cordillera and the Rocky Mountains are well known mountains of the North American continent.
3. The bridge was broken with the thunder.
4. Having lived in New York for many years he knew the city well.
III. Перепишите следующие предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент, переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. The President can be elected for four years.
2. In a few weeks we shall be able to visit New York.
3. You must translate this article without a dictionary.
4. I have to go there immediately.
5. He is to go on business trip in May.

1 A ) Область вокруг Великих озёр имеет переменчивый климат.   has-Present Simple Active   2Конгресс состоит из Сената и Палаты Представителей.   consists-Present Simple Active     3Страна развила эту промышленность перед тем как началась война. had developed-Past Perfect Active  began -Past Simple Active     В)1Столица  страны, Вашингтон, была названа в честь первого президента. was named-Past Simple Passive    2США омываются Тихим Океаном. is washed-Present Simple Passive  3Его изберут на 4 года. will be elected-Future Simple Passive.    ||  1Путешествуя по США мы можем посетить самые большие и самые красивые города: Нью Йорк, Лос Анжелес, Чикаго и другие. travelling-Participle 1 в функции обстоятельства     2Кордильеры и Скалистые Горы-хорошо известные горы Северноамериканского континента.   known-Participle 2 в функции определения   3Мост был разрушен громом. broken-Participle 2 часть глагола- сказуемого   4Прожив в Нью Йорке много лет он хорошо знал город. Having lived-Perfect Participle Active в функции обстоятельства     |||  1Президент может быть избран на 4 года. CAN   2Через несколько недель мы сможем посетить Нью Йорк. SHALL BE ABLE  3Вы должны перевести эту статью без словаря. MUST  4Вы должны пойти туда немедленно. HAVE TO   5Он должен поехать в командировку в мае.   IS TO

Ex. 34. Напишите следующие предложения в вопросительной и отрицательной формах:
1. We must tell her this news. 2. He may smoke here. 3. She can speak English perfectly. 4. The students must translate the text at home. 5. We can go to the theatre tonight. 6. We shall be able to help them. 7. They had to wait for a long time 8. His friend couldn’t get this book. 9. You were allowed to take this book home. 10. May I go home now? 11. They were allowed to come at four.
Ex. 35. Заполните пропуски модальными глаголами или их эквивалентами:
1. She … play chess well. 2. … I take your pen? 3. … I ask you a question? 4. You not talk at the lesson. 5. He … not speak English last year. 6. My sister … not play the piano two years ago, but now she …. 7. You … get this novel in our library. 8. I … go to the library today to prepare for my report at the conference. 9. … you do me a favour?

1. Must we tell her this news? 1. We mustn’t (must not) tell her this news. 2. May (can) he smoke here? 2. He may not (can not или can’t) smoke here. 3. Can she speak English perfectly? 3. She can’t ( can not ) speak English perfectly. 4. Must they translate the text at home? 4. They mustn’t (must not) translate the text at home. 5. Can we go to the theatre tonight? 5. We can’t (can not) go to the theatre tonight. 6. Shall we be able to help them? 6. We are not able to help them. 7. Had they wait for a long time? 7. They hadn’t wait for a long time. 8. Could his friend get this book? 8. His friend could get this book. 9. Were you allowed to take this book home? 9. You were not allowed to take this book home. 10. You may not go home now. 10. You may go home now. 11. Were they allowed to come at four? 11. They were not allowed to come at four.

1. can
2. can
3. can
4. must not
5.
6. ; can
7. can
8. must
9. could?

1.
Вставьте must или have to (в нужной форме).
Jack left before the end of the meeting. He _______ go home early.
In Britain many children _____ wear uniform when they go to school.
When you come to London again, you ______ visit us.
Last night Don became ill suddenly. We _____ call a doctor.
You really _____ work harder if you want to pass the examination.
I’m afraid she can’t come tomorrow. She _____ work late.
This film is awesome! You _____ watch it!
Caroline may _____ go away next week.
We couldn’t repair the car ourselves. We _____ take it to a garage.
10. Julia wears glasses. She _____ wear glasses since she was very young.
Задание 2.
Заполните пропуски модальным глаголом should или shouldn’t и подходящим глаголом:
apologize, go, listen, do, visit, look, invite, take, use, ask
You look tired. You _______ to bed.
The government _____ more to help homeless people.
She drives everywhere. She never walks. She ______ her car so much.
Your salary is very law. You _____ for another job.
What a beautiful view! You _____ a photograph.
We _____ Helen to the party. She is rude to people.
I think you _____ for money. Otherwise you won’t be able to buy food.
She _____. She didn’t do anything wrong.
You _____ to private conversations.
If you want a change, you _____ some new places.
Задание 3.
Вставьте mustn’t или needn’t.
You must keep it a secret. You _______ tell anybody else.
Jim gave me a letter to post. I _______ forget to post it.
You can come with me if you like but you _______ come if you don’t want to.
It’s essential that nobody hears us. We _______ make any noise.
We have enough food at home so we _______ go shopping today.
That shirt isn’t dirty. You _____ wash it.
There’s plenty of time for you to make up your mind. You _____ decide now.
We’ve got plenty of time. We _____ hurry.
This is a valuable book. You _____ lose it.
It’s not raining so I _____ take my umbrella.

Задание 1.
Jack left before the end of the meeting. He _had to______ go home early.
In Britain many children _must____ wear uniform when they go to school.
When you come to London again, you __must____ visit us.
Last night Don became ill suddenly. We __had to___ call a doctor.
You really _must____ work harder if you want to pass the examination.
I’m afraid she can’t come tomorrow. She __has to___ work late.
This film is awesome! You __must___ watch it!
Caroline may _have to____ go away next week.
We couldn’t repair the car ourselves. We _had to____ take it to a garage.
10. Julia wears glasses. She _has to____ wear glasses since she was very young.
Задание 2.
You look tired. You _ should  go____ to bed.
The government __ should  do___ more to help homeless people.
She drives everywhere. She never walks. She _ shouldn’t use_____ her car so much.
Your salary is very law. You _ should look ____ for another job.
What a beautiful view! You __ should take ___ a photograph.
We __ shouldn’t  invite___ Helen to the party. She is rude to people.
I think you _ should ask ___ for money. Otherwise you won’t be able to buy food.
She __ shouldn’t apologize ___. She didn’t do anything wrong.
You _ shouldn’t listen____ to private conversations.
If you want a change, you _ should visit ____ some new places.
Задание 3.
You must keep it a secret. You ____mustn’t _ tell anybody else.
Jim gave me a letter to post. I _ mustn’t __ forget to post it.
You can come with me if you like but you __ needn’t_____ come if you don’t want to.
It’s essential that nobody hears us. We ___ mustn’t ____ make any noise.
We have enough food at home so we ___ needn’t ____ go shopping today.
That shirt isn’t dirty. You _ needn’t ____ wash it.
There’s plenty of time for you to make up your mind. You __ needn’t ___ decide now.
We’ve got plenty of time. We __ needn’t ___ hurry.
This is a valuable book. You _ mustn’t ____ lose it.
It’s not raining so I __ needn’t ___ take my umbrella.

Перепишите и переведите предложения. Определите
форму (Present, Past, Future) и функцию( основной, вспомогательный,
модальный) глаголов TO BE и TO HAVE.
1. The total length of the new bridge is more than 500 m.
2. With the development of railways the weight and speed of trains have
increased.
3. A large group of designers were invited to the conference.
4. Some old bridges over the Neva have to be reconstructed.
5. The workers are removing all sleepers (шпалы) from the track.

1 Общая длина нового моста более 500 метров. "is" - основной
2 С развитием железных дорог вес и скорость поездов возрасли. "have" - вспомогательный
3 Большая группа дизайнеров была приглашена на конференцию. "were" - вспомогательный
4 Несколько старых мостов через реку Нева должны быть реконструированы. "have" - модальный
5 Рабочие убирают все шпалы с пути. "are" - вспомогательный

Перепишите предложения, подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалентов.
1. The country should have extensive marine resources.
2. We have to develop renewable energy sources.
3. For each island, either its English or Maori name can be used, or they can be used together.
4. New Zealand may have a maximum width of 400 kilometers.
5. A large proportion of New Zealand’s aid was to go to the Pacific Island countries.
6. You must take things as they are.

1. The country should have extensive marine resources. Страна должна обладать обширными морскими ресурсами.
2. We have to develop renewable energy sources. Мы должны развивать возобновляемые источники энергии
3. For each island, either its English or Maori name can be used, or they can be used together. Для каждого острова можно использовать либо его английское, либо Маорийское название, либо их можно использовать вместе.
4. New Zealand may have a maximum width of 400 kilometers. Новая Зеландия может иметь максимальную ширину 400 километров.
5. A large proportion of New Zealand’s aid was to go to the Pacific Island countries. Значительная доля помощи Новой Зеландии должна была направляться в Тихоокеанские островные страны.
6. You must take things as they are.  Ты должен принимать вещи такими, какие они есть.

Составить 20 предложений с модальными глаголами,

1) Can you jump high?
2) Can I try on this coat?
3) We must wear the uniform.
4) I can play football.
5) He can wright.
6) I would like to go to the cinema.
7) Would you like a coffee?
8) I must have left my umbrella in that bakery. 
9) You shouldn’t have danced so much at the party. 
10) I think you ought to follow his advice.
11) I must do it.
12) He ought to go to the school. 
13) I can drink five glasses of water for thirty seconds.
14) He couldn’t win the competition yesterday.
15) It can’t be him!
16) You must see this new movie, it’s awesome!
17) You must pay you bills in restaurants.
18) I think you shouldn’t come home late.
19) The toothache is unbearable; I have to go to the dentist.
20) Shall I ignore him?

III. Перепишите следующие предложения; подчеркните в каждом из них модальный глагол или его эквивалент. Предложения переведите.
1. Profit can take many forms although it is typically a monetary reward.
2. The firm was to start its advertising campaign two weeks ago.
3. Total output must rise faster than the increase in population.

1. Profit can take many forms although it is typically a monetary reward.
Прибыль может принимать различные формы, хотя обычно это денежное вознаграждение.
2. The firm was to start its advertising campaign two weeks ago.
Фирма начала рекламную кампанию две недели назад.
3. Total output must rise faster than the increase in population.
Общий объем производства должен расти быстрее, чем прирост населения.

Перевести на английский язык, употребляя модальные глаголы to have to или to be to :
1) Вам предстоит выучить это стихотворение к среде
2) Мне задали выучить это стихотворение к среде
3) Мне пришлось выучить это стихотворение к среде
4) Мне придется выучить это стихотворение к среде
5) Мне не пришлось выучить это стихотворение

1.       You are to learn this poem by heart by Wednesday.

2.       I am to learn this poem by heart by Wednesday. (при условии, что Вы точно собираетесь его учить, иначе I was told to learn this poem by heart by Wednesday)

3.       I had to learn this poem by heart by Wednesday.

4.       I will have to learn this poem by heart by Wednesday. 

5.       I didn’t have to learn this poem by heart.

Помогите тут с модальными глаголами.
Ты, должно быть, дома. You must be at home/must be you at home или как?
Ты должна быть дома. You must be at home. Так?
Скажите точные переводы и можно ли так сказать вообще?

Можно сказать "You must be at home!", что значит "Ты должна быть дома!". В вопросительных предложениях можно сказать "Must you be at home?", но англичане в  вопросительных предложениях модальный глагол "must" часто  не используют. А вот "Must be you at home" нельзя использовать, т. К.  всегда сначала ставится subject(то есть существительное), а после verb (глагол).