1 Complete the sentences.
e. g. Tuesday was a terrible day. i woke up
late.
if i hadn’t woken up late, things would have
been OK.
1 if i (not wake up) late, things (be) OK.
2 i was in a hurry and i spilled my tea over
my clean white shirt. if i (not be) in a
hurry, i (not spill) my tea over my shirt.
3 i ran and ran, but i missed the bus. if i
(not wake up) late, i (not spill) my tea
and i (not miss) the bus.
4 i was late for work. My boss was angry.
if i (not miss) the bus, i (not late) for work
and my boss (not be) angry.
5 Because i was late for work, my boss
said i must stay late. if i (not late) for
work, i (not stay) late.
6 i stayed at work until 7 o’clock. My
family was worried about me. if i (not
wake up) late, i (not be) late for work. if i
(not be) late for work, i (not stay) late. if
i (not stay) late, i (not get) home late
and my family (not be) worried.

Закончите предложения.
например, вторник был ужасным днем. Я проснулся
покойный.
если бы я не проснулся поздно, все было бы
было ок.
1 Если я (не просыпаюсь) поздно, вещи (быть) в порядке.
2 я был в спешке, и я пролил мой чай
моя чистая белая рубашка. Если я (не быть) в
спешите, я (не пролью) мой чай над моей рубашкой.
3 я побежал и побежал, но пропустил автобус. Если я
(не просыпайтесь) поздно, я (не пролей) мой чай
и я (не пропустите) автобус.
4 я опоздал на работу. Мой босс был зол.
если я (не пропустите) автобус, я (не поздно) для работы
и мой босс (не сердись).
5 потому что я опоздал на работу, мой босс
сказал, что я должен задержаться. Если я (не поздно) для
работаю, я (не задерживаюсь) поздно.
6 я остался на работе до 7 часов. Мой
семья беспокоилась обо мне. Если я (нет
просыпаюсь) поздно, я (не быть) поздно для работы. Если я
(не быть) поздно для работы, я (не остаться) поздно. Если
я (не останусь) поздно, я (не получу) домой поздно
и моя семья (не волнуйтесь).

Cоотнесите виды наказания (1—12) с их определениями (a—l) и дайте их перевод.
Виды наказаний
1. fine 7. corporal punishment
2. capital punishment 8. house arrest
3. jail 9. suspended sentence
4. parole 10. community service
5. imprisonment 11. prison
6. probation 12. prison cell
Определения
a Physical punishment, such as flogging or beating.
b A place for long-term incarceration for a crime.
c A place of confinement for time periods longer than those usual for
a police station lock-up and shorter than those usual for a prison.
d A special place where a convicted person serves his sentence.
e A release from prison, before a sentence is finished, that depends
on the person ‚keeping clean‘ and doing what he or she is sup-
posed to do while out. If the person fails to meet the conditions,
the rest of the sentence must be served.
f A sum of money exacted as a penalty by a court of law or other
authority.
g A sentence (usually‚ jail time‘) that the judge allows the convicted
person to avoid serving (e. g. if the person continues on good
behaviour, completes community service, etc.).
h Unpaid work, intended to be of social use, that an offender is re-
quired to do instead of going to prison.
i The state of being kept as a prisoner in one’s own house, rather
than in a prison.
j The most severe of all sentences: that of death. Also known as the
death penalty.
k The sentencing of a criminal to a period of time during which they
will be deprived of their freedom.
l A kind of punishment given out as part of a sentence, which means
that instead of jailing a person convicted of a crime, a judge will
order that the person reports to an officer regularly and according
to a set schedule.

1. fine  - f A sum of money exacted as a penalty by a court of law or other
authority.
2. capital punishment - j The most severe of all sentences: that of death. Also known as the death penalty.
3. jail - c A place of confinement for time periods longer than those usual for
a police station lock-up and shorter than those usual for a prison.
4. parole - g A sentence (usually‚ jail time‘) that the judge allows the convicted person to avoid serving (e. g. if the person continues on good behaviour, completes community service, etc.).
5. imprisonment - k The sentencing of a criminal to a period of time during which they will be deprived of their freedom.
6. probation - e A release from prison, before a sentence is finished, that depends on the person ‚keeping clean‘ and doing what he or she is supposed to do while out. If the person fails to meet the conditions, the rest of the sentence must be served.
7. corporal punishment - a Physical punishment, such as flogging or beating.
8. house arrest - i The state of being kept as a prisoner in one’s own house, rather than in a prison.
9. suspended sentence - l A kind of punishment given out as part of a sentence, which means that instead of jailing a person convicted of a crime, a judge willorder that the person reports to an officer regularly and according
 to a set schedule.
10. community service - h Unpaid work, intended to be of social use, that an offender is required to do instead of going to prison.
11. prison - b A place for long-term incarceration for a crime.
12. prison cell - d A special place where a convicted person serves his sentence.

Read, translate this text and give a title to each paragraph.
Ecological problems are becoming more and more important. 0)_______________. The most serious environmental problems are:
Pollution in its many forms (water pollution, air pollution, nuclear pollution)
Noise form cars, buses, planes etc.
Destruction of wildlife
Shortage of natural resources (metals, fuel)
The growth of population
Many countries use seas and oceans as dumps. Factories and plants produce a lot of waste and pour it into rivers, so they poison the water. Governments must stop it. Firstly, 1) ______________. Thirdly, if people drink this water, they will die too.
Air pollution is the biggest problem of large cities. Cars, buses and planes cause this form of pollution. Factories and plants also pollute air when they emit toxic fumes. 2)____________________.
In some parts of the world (Asia, South America) forests disappear because people cut down trees to produce building materials. People must understand that 3) __________________. Moreover, with more carbon dioxide in the air, the temperature on the planet will rise and this will cause global warming.
Another serious environmental problem is soil pollution. 4)________________. Fruit and vegetables become poisoned and we can’t eat them. However, people go on throwing litter on the ground instead of using bins.
Read the text again and complete it with these fragments.
As a result, we have polluted clouds, acid rains and this pollution lands on trees, houses, building and our clothes.
If we lose tropical forests, it will become difficult to breathe, because trees produce oxygen.
It poisons and kills fish and sea animals. Fish and reptiles can’t live in poisoned rivers or lakes because there isn’t enough oxygen in the water. Secondly, in such places, all the birds leave their habitats and many plant specious die.
People all over the world discuss this problem, but we go on polluting air, water and soil.
Plants can’t grow on poisoned soil.

Экологические проблемы становятся все более важными. 0)_______________. Наиболее серьезные экологические проблемы:
Загрязнение в его многочисленных формах (загрязнение воды, загрязнение воздуха, ядерное загрязнение)
Форма шума автомобили, автобусы, самолеты etc.
Уничтожение дикой природы
Нехватка природных ресурсов (металлы, топливо)
Рост населения
Многие страны используют моря и океаны в качестве свалок. Заводы и заводы производят много отходов и выливают их в реки, поэтому они отравляют воду. Правительства должны остановить это. Во-первых, 1) ______________. В-третьих, если люди будут пить эту воду, они тоже умрут.
Загрязнение воздуха является самой большой проблемой крупных городов. Автомобили, автобусы и самолеты вызывают эту форму загрязнения. Фабрики и заводы загрязняют воздух, когда они выделяют токсичные газы. 2)____________________.
В некоторых частях мира (Азия, Южная Америка) леса исчезают из-за того, что люди вырубают деревья для производства строительных материалов. Люди должны понимать, что 3) __________________. Кроме того, с большим количеством углекислого газа в воздухе, температура на планете будет расти, и это вызовет глобальное потепление.
Еще одной серьезной экологической проблемой является загрязнение почвы. 4)________________. Фрукты и овощи отравляются, и мы не можем их есть. Тем не менее, люди продолжают бросать мусор на землю вместо того, чтобы использовать бункеры.
Прочитайте текст еще раз и дополните его этими фрагментами.
В результате мы загрязнили облака, кислотные дожди и это загрязнение земли на деревьях, домах, зданиях и нашей одежде.
Если мы потеряем тропические леса, будет трудно дышать, потому что деревья производят кислород.
Он отравляет и убивает рыб и морских животных. Рыбы и рептилии не могут жить в отравленных реках или озерах, потому что в воде недостаточно кислорода. Во-вторых, в таких местах все птицы покидают свои места обитания и многие растения гибнут.
Люди во всем мире обсуждают эту проблему, но мы продолжаем загрязнять воздух, воду и почву.
Растения не могут расти на отравленной почве.

A) Complete The Sentences. Use The past Simple passive form of the verbs.
1. The Statue of Liberty Was Built (Build) in France
2. It Was a terrible accident. How many people _____ (kill)?
3. Tomas Fell off his bike yesterday, but he _____ (not injure)
4. We didn’t play well yesterday. We ____ (beat) 4-0!
5. When the volcano erupted, the noise _____ (hear) 200 km. away
B) Complete The Sentences with a, an, the or - (no article)
My grandparents live in the countryside, in ____ old cottage. It’s got ____ Bedroom, ____ bathroom, ____ living room and ____ kitchen. _____ bedroom and ____ living room are quite big, but ____ kitchen’s very small! I love ____ cottages like my grandparents

1. The Statue of Liberty was built in France.
2. How many people were killed?
3. Tomas fell off his bike yesterday, but he was not injured.
4. We were beaten 4-0!
5. When the volcano erupted, the noise was heard 200 km away.
My grandparents live in the countryside, in _an_ old cottage. It’s got __a__ Bedroom, __a__ bathroom, __a__ living room and __a__ kitchen. __The___ bedroom and __the__ living room are quite big, but __the__ kitchen’s very small! I love ____ cottages like my grandparents’.

Упражнение 6. Complete the conversation. Use ’m going to, ’re going to, ‘ll or won’t. Объясните выбор(!).
A: (1) I ___________ play tennis this afternoon.
В: Great! (2) I ___________ come with you.
A: But you haven’t got a tennis racket.
В: (3) I ___________ borrow my brother’s racket.
A: And you don’t know how to play tennis.
В: (4) I ___________ practise first.
A: But (5) I ___________ play with Phil and after the match (6) we ___________ have lunch with his parents.
В: Oh! Well, then (7) I ___________ come with you. (8) I ___________ do my homework.

1 ‘m going to (личное намерение, что-то сделать )
2 ‘ll (спонтанность / сиюминутность решения)
3 ‘ll (решение, вызванное обстоятельствами)
4 ‘ll (решение принимается во время разговора)
5 ‘m going to ( личное намерение что-то сделать)
6 ‘re going to (личное намере6ие что-то сделать)
7 won’t (спонтанное решение, принятое в момент говорения)
8 ‘ll ( решение, вызванное обстоятельствами)

Complete the sentences with your own ideas. 1. Different illnesses will easily be cured …. 2. Today there is no need to send letters by mail, because. 3. I think, doctors will be able to cure diseases, which. 4. Autistic* people can use computers as well, because. 5. All schools are well equipped with computers today and ….

1. Different illnesses will easily be cured in the nearest future
2. Today there is no need to send letters by mail, because we can use the Internet to get and send letters
3. I think, doctors will be able to cure diseases, which can’t be cured nowdays
4. Autistic people can use computers as well, because computers help them to avoid communication problems.
5. All schools are well equipped with computers today and it’s a good opportunity for schoolchilden to get а decent education

Упражнение 1. Put the verbs in brackets in the Past Simple or in the Present Perfect.
1. I ________ (never/ be) to the USA. I ______ (want) to go there last summer but I couldn’t
2. He _______ (live) in this street all his life.
3. His father ________ (come back) to London last Sunday.
4. Yan __________ (write) a letter to Nick two days ago.
5. He ________ (send) his letter yesterday.
6. They _______ (just/ buy) some postcards.
Упражнение 2. Put the verbs in brackets in the Past Simple or in the Present Perfect.
1. You (ever work) ______ in a shop?
2. I (work) ______ at my uncle’s shop when I was younger.
3. It’s the first time I (be) ______ on a ship.
4. Ann is looking for her key. She can’t find it. She (lose) ______ her key.
5. How many symphonies Beethoven (compose) ______?
6. Look! Somebody (spill) ______ ink on the notebook.
7. You (have) ______ a holiday this year yet?
8. You (see) ______ any good films recently?
9. He (have, not) ______ any problems since he (come ) ______ here.

For или since?
Упражнение 3. В письме есть 4 ошибки на использование for и since. Найдите и исправьте их. These are some sentences from Nigel’s letter home from Africa. He has made four mistakes in using ‘for’ and ‘since’. Correct his mistakes.
Dear Mum and Dad,
I’ve lived in Africa since two weeks and I love it! Africa is beautiful! I haven’t travelled to any faraway place for last summer. I’m so happy now!
I’ve already seen Mr. Rambler. He is working for WWF here and taking photos of wild animals. I haven’t seen any lions yet. I think I’ll see them later.
Thank you for the trip. I’ve dreamed of Kenya for my childhood. I haven’t seen you since ages! I miss you so much!
Love, Nigel.
Упражнение 4. Дополните предложения словами for или since. Complete the sentences. Use for or since.
I’ve lived in Washington _____ 1997.
Ben has studied English _____ three years.
They haven’t visited their grandparents _____ months.
Julie’s ill. She’s been in bed _____ Tuesday.
My dad has had his car_____ sixteen.
It’s been ten years_____ we moved to Oxford.

1. 1 have never been. wanted.
2has lived
3came back
4wrote
5sent
6have just bought
2. 1have you ever worked in the shop?
2worked
3have benn
4has lost
5composed?
6 has spilled
7have you had a.
8 haven’t you seen.
9hasn’t had, came.
3.
I’ve lived in Africa for two weeks and I love it!
I haven’t travelled to any faraway place since last summer.
I’ve dreamed of Kenya since my childhood.
I haven’t seen you for ages!
4. 1 since
2for
3for
4since
5since
6since

Complete the sentences with the verbs in the box.
are allowed to can’t doesn’t have to
don’t have to have to is allowed to
must needs to
1 Helen stay at home today because she was in the
offi ce on Saturday.
2 Richard walk his dog now – his dad has already
done it.
3 I’m afraid you use a dictionary during the test.
Please put it back on the shelf.
4 I go now – my friends are waiting for me.
5 It was great to meet you, Alex. We do it more
often.
6 My sister is a student, but she still phone my
parents every day.
7 Ally and Mike be at home at 9 p. m. on Saturdays,
so they usually stay out until 10 or 11 p. m.
8 My younger brothers play video games for an
hour a day only, but they would like to do it more often.

1 Helen is allowed to stay at home today because she was in the office on Saturday.
2 Richard doesn’t have to  walk his dog now – his dad has already done it.
3 I’m afraid you can’t use a dictionary during the test.
Please put it back on the shelf.
4 I must go now – my friends are waiting for me.
5 It was great to meet you, Alex. We have to do it more often.
6 My sister is a student, but she still needs to phone my parents every day.
7 Ally and Mike don’t have to be at home at 9 p. m. on Saturdays, so they usually stay out until 10 or 11 p. m.
8 My younger brothers are allowed to play video games for an hour a day only, but they would like to do it more often.

Complete the sentences with must, might or can’t and a suitable verb. 1 She speaks English, but she isn’t from England. She might be Scottish. 2 He fell asleep during dinner.He. tired 3 That cake is enormous.He. it all himself. 4 Our neighbours are always buying new things.They. a lot of money. 5 Why is she wearing a jumper? She.cold

1. She speaks English, but she isn’t from England. She might be Scottish. Она говорит по-английски, но она не из Англии. Она, может быть, шотландка.
2. He fell asleep during dinner. He must be tired. Он уснул во время обеда. Он, должно быть, устал.  
3. That cake is enormous. He can’t eat it all himself. Этот торт огромен. Он не может съесть все сам.  
4. Our neighbours are always buying new things.They might have a lot of money. Наши соседи всегда покупать новые вещи. Они, быть может, имеют много денег.  
5. Why is she wearing a jumper? She might be cold. Почему она в джемпере? Она, быть может, замерзла.

Use match, suit or fit to complete the sentences.
1 Do these sunglasses _____ me?
2 That shirt doesn’t_____ your jacket.
3 These trousers don’t _____me. I can’t button themm up.
4 This top ______ perfectly.It’s just my size.
5. Buy this belt to _____ your trousers.
6 Purple doesn’t ______ you. Try beige.

1 Do these sunglasses suit me? Подходят, идут, к лицу
2 That shirt doesn’t match your jacket. Не подходит, не сочетается
3 These trousers don’t fit me. I can’t button themm up. Не подходят по размеру
4 This top fits perfectly.It’s just my size. Подходят по размеру, как раз
5. Buy this belt to match your trousers. Подходит, соответствует, сочетается 
6 Purple doesn’t suit you. Try beige. Не идет, не подходит, не к лицу